From basic breadboard LED circuits to autonomous obstacle-avoiding and line-following robots. Structured across 3 progressive age tracks.
Digital Output, pinMode(), digitalWrite(), delay()
Sequencing, Multiple Outputs, Delay Timing
Digital Input, digitalRead(), if / else Logic
Multiple Inputs, tone(), noTone(), Frequencies
Analog Input, analogRead(), PWM, analogWrite(), map()
RGB PWM Color Mixing, analogWrite()
Fast Alternating Loops, Strobe Pattern
Random Number Generation, random(1, 7)
Millis() Time Capture, Reaction Speed Math
Array Sequences, Pattern Memory, Memory Checking
Analog Sensing, Calibration, Threshold Logic
Day/Night Sensing, Energy Efficient Switching
Analog Voltage Math, Celsius Conversion (V * 100)
High Temperature Safety Interlock
Capacitive Digital Interrupt, Toggle State
Increment Counters, Touch Event Detection
Distance Measurement, pulseIn(), Proportional Sound Alarm
Distance Math (0.034 cm/us), Real-time Formatting
Infrared Beam Break Sensing, Intruder Alert
PIR Motion Triggering, Alarm Latch
I2C Communication, LiquidCrystal_I2C Library
Sensor Data Formatting, LCD Row & Column Management
State Change Detection, Incremental Counting
Countdown Loops, Audio Beep Progression
Precise Stopwatch Millis() Timing
Adafruit_NeoPixel Library, HSV Rainbow Colors
LedControl Matrix Library, Frame Animations
PWM Strobe Frequencies, Dynamic Color Patterns
Complex Intersection State Machines
Multiplayer Speed Testing, LCD Scoreboard
Servo Library, Angular Movement (0°-180°), Actuation
Proximity Lid Opening, Timed Auto-Close
Passcode Sequence Validation, Lock Actuation
Proportional Servo Target Tracking
Automated Gate Lowering & Signal Warning
Thermal Threshold Actuation, PWM Fan Speed
Dual Analog Joystick Mapping (A0/A1 -> Servos)
Winch Cable Motor Up/Down Actuation
Mechanical Assembly, BO Motor Wiring
H-Bridge Directional Control, PWM Speed Control
Differential Drive Steering (Left/Right Spins)
Modular Functions: moveForward(), stopRobot()
Analog Joystick Speed & Steering Mapping
Proximity Detection & Automatic Stopping
Side Scanning Wall Follower Logic
Autonomous Navigation, Sense-Think-Act Loop
Line Following PID Logic (Black/White Track)
Serial Communication, Bluetooth Command Parsing
System Integration, Multi-Tasking Infrastructure
End-to-End System Design, State Machine Architecture